CJC-1295 Telehealth

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CJC-1295 References

Every quantitative claim on this site traces to one of these sources — the human pharmacokinetic studies, the foundational animal work, the detection methods, and the regulatory record.

Back to the researchHow CJC-1295 is detected

The full reference list

This is the full reference list for the CJC-1295 digest. Citations are numbered as they appear across the site; each entry carries a DOI or a PubMed/ClinicalTrials identifier so the primary source can be checked directly. Nothing on this site is asserted without one of these sources behind it.

The weight of the human evidence sits in two early-2006 papers. Teichman and colleagues [1] established the pharmacokinetics — the 2- to 10-fold GH rise, the 1.5- to 3-fold IGF-1 rise, and the 5.8-to-8.1-day half-life — in healthy adults. Ionescu and Frohman [8] added the pulsatility result in healthy men: the analog amplifies the GH axis without flattening its rhythm. Sackmann-Sala and colleagues [10] mapped the downstream serum-proteome shift. These three, plus the GHRH-knockout growth study by Alba and colleagues [9], are the bulk of what is actually known about the compound in living subjects.

How the record breaks down

The foundational pharmacology is animal and in-vitro work: Jette and colleagues [7] identified CJC-1295 as the lead hGRF(1-29)-albumin bioconjugate and showed the 4-fold GH-AUC effect and DPP-IV resistance that justified the long-acting design, building on the short native-peptide half-life quantified in the 1986 GRF(1-29)NH2 study [6]. The two-receptor rationale behind GHRH-analog-plus-secretagogue pairings traces to the ghrelin/GHRH potentiation work [15].

The detection literature is a connected sequence: Henninge 2010 [2] is the definitive LC-MS/MS identification in a seized preparation; the immunoaffinity-LC-MS [3] and immuno-PCR [4] screens added sensitivity; the equine-plasma confirmation [13] extended the methods to animal sport; and a 2021 review [5] surveys the field. The class context comes from the 2025 Nature Reviews Endocrinology review of GHRH and its analogs [12]. The regulatory standing is set by the WADA Prohibited List [14] and the 2024 FDA Pharmacy Compounding Advisory Committee record [11]. Where a registry value is contested — the molecular formula and weight differ between CAS sources and PubChem — the disagreement is noted rather than resolved on the page.

  1. Teichman SL, Neale A, Lawrence B, Gagnon C, Castaigne JP, Frohman LA. Prolonged stimulation of growth hormone (GH) and insulin-like growth factor I secretion by CJC-1295, a long-acting analog of GH-releasing hormone, in healthy adults. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2006;91(3):799-805. ↗
  2. Henninge J, Pepaj M, Hullstein I, Hemmersbach P. Identification of CJC-1295, a growth-hormone-releasing peptide, in an unknown pharmaceutical preparation. Drug Test Anal. 2010;2(11-12):647-650. ↗
  3. Qualitative identification of growth hormone-releasing hormones in human plasma by means of immunoaffinity purification and LC-MS. Anal Bioanal Chem. 2016. ↗
  4. An immuno polymerase chain reaction screen for the detection of CJC-1295 and other growth-hormone-releasing hormone analogs. Drug Test Anal. 2019. ↗
  5. Advances in the detection of growth hormone releasing hormone synthetic analogs. Drug Test Anal. 2021. ↗
  6. Pharmacokinetics of growth hormone releasing factor [GRF(1-29)NH2] in normal men. 1986. ↗
  7. Jette L, Leger R, Thibaudeau K, Benquet C, Robitaille M, Pellerin I, et al. Human growth hormone-releasing factor (hGRF)1-29-albumin bioconjugates activate the GRF receptor on the anterior pituitary in rats: identification of CJC-1295 as a long-lasting GRF analog. Endocrinology. 2005;146(7):3052-3058. ↗
  8. Ionescu M, Frohman LA. Pulsatile secretion of growth hormone (GH) persists during continuous stimulation by CJC-1295, a long-acting GH-releasing hormone analog. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2006;91(12):4792-4797. ↗
  9. Alba M, Fintini D, Sagazio A, Lawrence B, Castaigne JP, Frohman LA, Salvatori R. Once-daily administration of CJC-1295, a long-acting growth hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH) analog, normalizes growth in the GHRH knockout mouse. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab. 2006;291(6):E1290-E1294. ↗
  10. Sackmann-Sala L, Ding J, Frohman LA, Kopchick JJ. Activation of the GH/IGF-1 axis by CJC-1295, a long-acting GHRH analog, results in serum protein profile changes in normal adult subjects. Growth Horm IGF Res. 2009;19(6):471-477. ↗
  11. U.S. Food and Drug Administration. Pharmacy Compounding Advisory Committee briefing materials on growth-hormone secretagogues including CJC-1295 (2024); CJC-1295 not recommended for the 503A bulk drug substances list. ↗
  12. Granata R, Leone S, Zhang X, Gesmundo I, et al. Growth hormone-releasing hormone and its analogues in health and disease. Nat Rev Endocrinol. 2025. ↗
  13. A method for confirming CJC-1295 abuse in equine plasma samples by LC-MS/MS. Drug Test Anal. 2019. ↗
  14. World Anti-Doping Agency. The Prohibited List - Section S2: Peptide Hormones, Growth Factors, Related Substances and Mimetics. WADA International Standard, 2025. ↗
  15. Ghrelin and growth hormone (GH) secretagogues potentiate GH-releasing hormone (GHRH)-induced GH secretion. Endocrinology. 2002. ↗